Harrow.



Patented Dec. 26, I899.

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H A R R 0 W (Application filed Apr. 21, 189B.)

3 Sheats$heet I.

(No Model.)

anneal ton /vilfncooea Patented Dec. 26, I899. J. H. BROWN.

H A R R0 W.

(Application filed Apr. 21, 1898) 3 Sheets Sheet 2,

(No Model.)

No. 640,089: Patented Dec. 26, 1899. .1. H. snowu HAR-ROW.

' (Application filed Apr. 21, 1898.)

(Nov Model.) A 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

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mzyonms PETERS coy, PHOTO-LITHO., WASH NITED STATES PATENT GFFIQE.

JOHN H. BROIVN, OF RURAL RETREAT, VIRGINIA.

HARROW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 640,089, dated December26, 1899.

' Application filed April 21, 1898. Serial No. 678,389. (No model-3 T0ctZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN H. BROWN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Rural Retreat, in the county of Wythe and State of Virginia,have invented new and useful Improvements in Harrows, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in harrows, and pertains to meansfor adjusting the teeth thereof and for connecting the adjacent ends ofseparate sections, all of which will be fully described hereinafter andparticularly referred to in the claims.

One object of my present invention is to provide an improved and simplemeans for changing the angle of or adjusting the teeth of a harrow.

Another object of my present invention is a specific means forconnecting together the rear ends of sections of a harrow and moreparticularly that type of harrow consisting of a plurality of V-shapedsections.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a perspective view of a harrowcomposed of a plurality of V-shaped sections, showing my inventionapplied thereto. Fig. 2 is an enlarged detached perspective view of theattaching-plate for the rear end of the sections. Fig. 3 is an enlargeddetached perspective view of a casting for tilting up or supporting therear cross-bar of the section. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of myharrow, showing a plurality of sections united so that they may haveindependent movement or be rigidly connected. Fig. 5 is a perspectiveView of a plurality of harrows and which is a modification of Fig. 4. inrespect to the number of sections used.

Referring now to the drawings, A indicates an L-shaped angle-iron, ofwhich the harrowframe is constructed; B, the teeth, which are of thespike type; and G, openings in the horizontal portion of the angle-iron.The teeth pass through the openings 0 and are clamped to the an gle-ironin any desired manner and which forms no part of the subjectmatter ofthis application.

By reference to Fig. 1 it will be seen that the harrow consists of aplurality of Vshaped sections adapted to be connected togetherin a wayto form a harrow, and in this instance each V-shaped harrow'has across-bar D, connecting its rear ends and placed upon the an gle-iron ofwhich the frame is formed, and at the rear end thereof are the blocks F,provided at their inner sides with vertical openings f. The object ofthese blocks is to support the bar D above the top of the angle-iron topermit a free passage of the trash under these bars. I also provide ameans for connecting the adjacent rear ends of these sections, whichmeans is adapted to be disconnected therefrom and to leave each harrowfree to be used as a single harrow. This means consists of the plates E,having openings registering with openings in the bar D, whereby theymaybe bolted in place, the inner ends of these plates E being turned atright angles and forming vertical portions, which are provided withregistering transverse openings e for the insertion of a bolt or bolts.The

operation and purpose of this part of my in:

vention is to enable the adjacent rear ends of the sections to beconnected together either rigidly or pivoted to permit them to swing.

For instance, by using a single bolt, as shown in Fig. 2, the rear endsof these sections of harrows are connected together to swing verticallyin respect to each other to follow the inequalities of the ground overwhich they are passing. It is frequently advantageous to rigidly connectthese sections, whereby their combined weight will operate to morethoroughly pulverize the surface which is not provided with ridges. Inthis instance two bolts will be passed through the openings e" of theseplates E, which, as will be readily understood, will prevent the harrowsfrom having any pivotal action, and thus hold them rigid and firmlytogether. When itis desired to use the harrows as single harrows, theseplates E are entirely detached therefrom, which leaves the harrowswithout any projecting portions at their rear ends.

In Fig. 4 I show a harrow consisting of seven sections, the sectionsbeing V shaped, the same as those shown in Fig. 1, and having four atthe rear and three in front, the forward ends of the three frontsections being rigidly connected by means of a draft-bar 5. By referenceto this figure it will be noted that I use a central front V-shapedsection 6, having its rear end connected with the rear ends of theadjacent front sections through the medium of the detachable platesbefore described, and which enables me to either make the attachmentrigid or flexible, as before described. The use of this central harrowmakes the harrowing of the complete combination equal throughout,and thecenter of the harrow breaks up the ground as thoroughly as the sidesections of the harrow. To enable the front sections to be cleared oftrash, the outside rear sections are provided with the handles 8, likeunto plow-handles, and also with the rearwardly-extending arms 9 betweenthe plow-handles, so that by placing the foot upon the rear ends of thearms 9 and bearing down upon the handles 8 the front ends of these sidesections are lifted, and through the draft upon the draft-bar the frontportion of the whole harrow is lifted, owing to the teeth of the rearsections being forced into the ground, thus for the instant stopping theharrow and causing a draft which will lift the front sections, as willbe readily understood, for clearing the barrow. This construction, whichenables the several sections to be detached and used as separate singleharrows, also enables me to make a variety of combinations. In Fig. 1 isshown a combination consisting of three V-shaped harrows, and in Fig. 5a combination of five V-shaped harrows, and in Fig. 4 a combinationconsisting of seven V-shaped sections. The combination in Fig. 4 mayalso be changed by taking out the central harrow 6, if desired, whichwill leave a combination of six V-shaped harrows, like that shown anddescribed in my patent of April 13, 1897, hearing number 580,835. Thecombination shown in Fig. 4, however, overcomes a defect in that shownin the patent. Where a combination of six harrows is used, like thatshown in Fig. 1 of the said patent, the central portion of the harrowdoes not as thoroughly harrow the ground as the five sections. Byputting in, however, the section 6, as shown in Fig. 4, and making aseven-section harrow the central portion of the harrow harrows theground as thoroughly as a five-section harrow.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

1. A harrow comprising a plurality of independent V-shaped sectionsarranged side by side, the separated rear ends of the sections havingconnecting-bars resting on their upper sides, connecting members havinghorizontal portions lapping the connecting-bars and projecting verticalperforated portions, the side bars of the section the connectingbars andthe horizontal portions of the connecting members having registeringbolt-l openings, and a detachable bolt passing through said openings andthus clamping all said members in position, substantially as described.

2. A barrow consisting of L-shaped angleirons, the said angle-ironsformed in a V form, blocks situated at the rear ends of these V- shapedharrows, transverse connecting-bars secured on top of the blocks for thepurpose described, and a perforated projecting connecting memberoverlapping said block and connecting-bar, and a clamping-bolt passingthrough said members and serving to unite them, substantially asdescribed.

3. An improved harrow consisting of a plurality of V-shaped sectionshaving transverse bars connecting their rear separated ends, thesections connected to form a continuous front and a continuous rear rowof sections, the front and rear rows of sections provided withlaterally-extending and engaging ears or members, the said ears ormembers provided with means for making the connections rigid whereby twoparallel rigid connections are provided one through the center of theharrow and one at the rear end thereof, whereby the heft of the frontrow as well as the rear row can be obtained for breaking and cuttingturfs or hard soil, substantially as described.

4. A harrow consisting of L-shaped angleirons, the said angle-ironsformed in a Vform, blocks situated at the rear end of these V- harrows,transverse connecting-bars secured on top of the blocks for the purposedescribed, the blocks having bolt-openings, and bolts passing throughthe said transverse bars and the bolt-openings of the blocks,substantially as and for the purpose described.

5. A harrow consisting of a plurality of V- shaped harrows capable ofindependent use, the harrows being arranged in two parallel rows makinga rear and a front row of V- shaped sections, the sections of the rearrow having a flexible connection one with the other at their rear ends,and the harrows of the rear row havipg a flexible connection at theirfront ends with the rear ends of each of the corresponding frontsections, each V- shaped section having a transverse bar, the transversebars of the two rows extending in parallel lines across the harrow,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set .my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

JOHN H. BROWN. Witnesses:

JNo. A. ORABB, W. H. MADDOX.

